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Indo-Iranians
Indo-Iranian peoples, also known as Indo-Iranic peoples by scholars,〔https://books.google.com/books?id=xIjyLNpusbAC&pg=PA12&dq=indo-iranic+peoples&hl=en&sa=X&ei=fmOSU-eRE5OXyATbp4GQAw&ved=0CDwQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=indo-iranic%20peoples&f=false〕 and sometimes as Aryans from their self-designation, are a grouping of ethnic groups consisting of the Indo-Aryan, Iranian and Nuristani peoples; that is, speakers of Indo-Iranian languages, a major branch of the Indo-European language family.
The Proto-Indo-Iranians are commonly identified with the descendants of the Proto-Indo-Europeans known as the Sintashta culture and the subsequent Andronovo culture within the broader Andronovo horizon, and their homeland with an area of the Eurasian steppe that borders the Ural River on the west, the Tian Shan on the east.
==Nomenclature==
The term ''Aryan'' has generally been used historically to denote the ''Indo-Iranians'' because ''Arya'' is the self designation of the Indo-Iranian languages and their speakers, specifically the Iranian and the Indo-Aryan peoples, collectively known as the Indo-Iranians.〔The "Aryan" Language, Gherardo Gnoli, Instituto Italiano per l'Africa e l'Oriente, Roma, 2002.〕〔. Schmitt, "Aryans" in Encyclopedia Iranica: Excerpt:"The name “Aryan” (OInd. ā́rya-, Ir.
*arya- (short a- ), in Old Pers. ariya-, Av. airiia-, etc.) is the self designation of the peoples of Ancient India and Ancient Iran who spoke Aryan languages, in contrast to the “non-Aryan” peoples of those “Aryan” countries (cf. OInd. an-ā́rya-, Av. an-airiia-, etc.), and lives on in ethnic names like Alan (Lat. Alani, NPers. īrān, Oss. Ir and Iron.". Also accessed online: () in May,2010〕 Some scholars now use the term Indo-Iranian to refer to this group, while the term "Aryan" is used to mean "Indo-Iranian" by other scholars such as Josef Wiesehofer〔Wiesehofer, Joseph ''Ancient Persia'' New York:1996 I.B. Tauris—Recommends the use by scholars of the term Aryan to describe the Eastern, not the Western, branch of the Indo-European peoples (See "Aryan" in index)〕〔Durant, Will ''Our Oriental Heritage'' New York:1954 Simon and Schuster—According to Will Durant on Page 286: “the name Aryan first appears in the () ''Harri'', one of the tribes of the Mitanni. In general it was the self-given appellation of the tribes living near or coming from the () shores of the Caspian sea. The term is properly applied today chiefly to the Mitannians, Hittites, Medes, Persians, and Vedic Hindus, i.e., only to the ''eastern'' branch of the Indo-European peoples, whose ''western'' branch populated Europe.”〕 and Jaakko Häkkinen. Population geneticist Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza, in his 1994 book ''The History and Geography of Human Genes'', also uses the term Aryan to describe the Indo-Iranians.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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